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Perfusion-decellularization of human ear grafts enables ECM-based scaffolds for auricular vascularized composite tissue engineering.
- Source :
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Acta biomaterialia [Acta Biomater] 2018 Jun; Vol. 73, pp. 339-354. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Apr 11. - Publication Year :
- 2018
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Abstract
- Introduction: Human ear reconstruction is recognized as the emblematic enterprise in tissue engineering. Up to now, it has failed to reach human applications requiring appropriate tissue complexity along with an accessible vascular tree. We hereby propose a new method to process human auricles in order to provide a poorly immunogenic, complex and vascularized ear graft scaffold.<br />Methods: 12 human ears with their vascular pedicles were procured. Perfusion-decellularization was applied using a SDS/polar solvent protocol. Cell and antigen removal was examined by histology and DNA was quantified. Preservation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) was assessed by conventional and 3D-histology, proteins and cytokines quantifications. Biocompatibility was assessed by implantation in rats for up to 60 days. Adipose-derived stem cells seeding was conducted on scaffold samples and with human aortic endothelial cells whole graft seeding in a perfusion-bioreactor.<br />Results: Histology confirmed cell and antigen clearance. DNA reduction was 97.3%. ECM structure and composition were preserved. Implanted scaffolds were tolerated in vivo, with acceptable inflammation, remodeling, and anti-donor antibody formation. Seeding experiments demonstrated cell engraftment and viability.<br />Conclusions: Vascularized and complex auricular scaffolds can be obtained from human source to provide a platform for further functional auricular tissue engineered constructs, hence providing an ideal road to the vascularized composite tissue engineering approach.<br />Statement of Significance: The ear is emblematic in the biofabrication of tissues and organs. Current regenerative medicine strategies, with matrix from donor tissues or 3D-printed, didn't reach any application for reconstruction, because critically missing a vascular tree for perfusion and transplantation. We previously described the production of vascularized and cell-compatible scaffolds, from porcine ear grafts. In this study, we ---- applied findings directly to human auricles harvested from postmortem donors, providing a perfusable matrix that retains the ear's original complexity and hosts new viable cells after seeding. This approach unlocks the ability to achieve an auricular tissue engineering approach, associated with possible clinical translation.<br /> (Copyright © 2018 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Adipocytes cytology
Animals
Biocompatible Materials
Bioreactors
Blood Pressure
Cadaver
DNA analysis
Fluoroscopy
Humans
Leukocytes, Mononuclear cytology
Perfusion
Rats
Stem Cells cytology
Stress, Mechanical
Swine
Ear physiology
Ear surgery
Extracellular Matrix chemistry
Tissue Engineering methods
Tissue Scaffolds chemistry
Tissue Transplantation methods
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1878-7568
- Volume :
- 73
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Acta biomaterialia
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 29654989
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2018.04.009