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Ecotoxicity tests with Allium cepa to determine the efficiency of rice husk ash in the treatment of groundwater contaminated with benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene.
- Source :
-
Environmental science and pollution research international [Environ Sci Pollut Res Int] 2018 May; Vol. 25 (13), pp. 12849-12858. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Feb 23. - Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- The validation of adsorption treatment based on toxicity assays aims to assess the actual environmental impact caused by effluents after treatment. This study describes the use of rice husk ash as adsorbent and evaluates the efficiency of adsorption treatment to remediate groundwater contaminated with benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX). The synthetic effluent was prepared with standard benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene solutions. Adsorption was assessed at treatment times 0, 60, 120, and 240 min. Compounds were quantified by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector. The treatment was validated based on ecotoxicity assays using Allium cepa as indicator organism. For the treatment times stipulated, samples containing 25, 50, and 100% of BTEX were used. The dilutions were carried out with drinking water according to Fiskesjö (1985). The relative growth index (RGI), root inhibition index (Ii), and germination index (GI) confirmed the efficiency of the treatment approach tested. The best adsorption time for an initial BTEX concentration of 3.378 mg/L was 60 min. Critical level (EC50) and critical concentration that induced phytotoxic effect on A. cepa germination was observed only for the undiluted effluent.
- Subjects :
- Adsorption
Benzene analysis
Benzene toxicity
Benzene Derivatives analysis
Benzene Derivatives toxicity
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Ecotoxicology
Surface Properties
Toluene analysis
Toluene toxicity
Water Pollutants, Chemical toxicity
Xylenes analysis
Xylenes toxicity
Groundwater chemistry
Onions drug effects
Oryza chemistry
Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis
Water Purification methods
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1614-7499
- Volume :
- 25
- Issue :
- 13
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Environmental science and pollution research international
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 29476372
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1512-6