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Advancing Tobacco Product Warning Labels Research Methods and Theory: A Summary of a Grantee Meeting Held by the US National Cancer Institute.
- Source :
-
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco [Nicotine Tob Res] 2019 Jun 21; Vol. 21 (7), pp. 855-862. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Background: The World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control recommends prominent pictorial health warnings on tobacco products. To advance research methods, theory and understanding of how tobacco product warning labels (TPWLs) work, the US National Cancer Institute convened a grantee meeting. Our article describes the key insights that emerged from the meeting, situated within the context of the scientific literature.<br />Results & Recommendations: First, presentations confirmed that large, pictorial TPWLs motivate people to try to quit and encourage smoking cessation. Second, pictorial TPWLs increase attention, knowledge, negative affect, and thinking about the warning. Third, TPWL studies have primarily used brief-exposure laboratory studies and observational studies of sustained exposure through national policy implementation, with a few randomized trials involving several weeks of exposure-with generally consistent results found across study designs. Fourth, novel assessment methods include brain imaging, eye tracking and "best-worst" discrete choice experiments. To make TPWL even more effective, research is needed to confirm the mechanisms of their influence, their impact across vulnerable populations, and their effect on social media posts about tobacco products. Research is also needed on the effect of trial design choices, the predictive validity of new measurement approaches, and warning labels for non-cigarette tobacco products.<br />Implications: To improve scientific understanding of TPWL effects, this grantee meeting summary describes emerging research methods, theory and study results. Directions for future research include examination of the mechanisms of how warning labels work across diverse tobacco products and across different populations and contexts.<br /> (Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco 2018.)
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Adult
Female
Humans
Male
Product Labeling standards
Smoking epidemiology
Smoking trends
Smoking Cessation methods
Smoking Prevention standards
United States epidemiology
Vulnerable Populations
Young Adult
Congresses as Topic standards
National Cancer Institute (U.S.) standards
Product Labeling methods
Smoking Prevention methods
Tobacco Products standards
World Health Organization
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1469-994X
- Volume :
- 21
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 29444268
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nty017