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Biodegradation of Feather Waste Keratin by the Keratin-Degrading Strain Bacillus subtilis 8.
- Source :
-
Journal of microbiology and biotechnology [J Microbiol Biotechnol] 2018 Feb 28; Vol. 28 (2), pp. 314-322. - Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Bacillus subtilis 8 is highly efficient at degrading feather keratin. We observed integrated feather degradation over the course of 48 h in basic culture medium while studying the entire process with scanning electron microscopy. Large amounts of ammonia, sulfite, and <subscript>L</subscript> -cysteic acid were detected in the fermented liquid. In addition, four enzymes (gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, peptidase T, serine protease, and cystathionine gamma-synthase) were identified that play an important role in this degradation pathway, all of which were verified with molecular cloning and prokaryotic expression. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first to demonstrate that cystathionine gamma-synthase secreted by B. subtilis 8 is involved in the decomposition of feather keratin. This study provides new data characterizing the molecular mechanism of feather degradation by bacteria, as well as potential guidance for future industrial utilization of waste keratin.
- Subjects :
- Amino Acids analysis
Ammonia metabolism
Animals
Bacillus subtilis enzymology
Bacillus subtilis genetics
Biodegradation, Environmental
Chickens
Cloning, Molecular
Culture Media chemistry
Cysteic Acid metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
Industrial Microbiology
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Peptide Hydrolases isolation & purification
Sulfites analysis
Sulfites metabolism
Bacillus subtilis metabolism
Feathers metabolism
Fermentation
Keratins metabolism
Peptide Hydrolases metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1738-8872
- Volume :
- 28
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of microbiology and biotechnology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 29429303
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1708.08077