Modifying Effect of Autotransfusion of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on the Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Cytokines by Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure.

We studied in vivo modifying effect of autotransfusion of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells on ROS generation and production of cytokines (TNFα,TNFβ, IL-1α, IL-10, IFNγ, and GM-CSF) and PGE ₂ by mononuclear cells of patients (N=21) with chronic heart failure. These parameters were evaluated prior to (control) and after (immediately and on day 14) intravenous administration of stromal cells in doses of 100-200×10 ⁶ . Immediately after autotransfusion, significant increase of in vitro zymosan-induced chemiluminescence of blood mononuclear cells from 10 patients was observed. At later terms after autotransfusion (day 14), inhibition of chemiluminescent activity of blood mononuclear cells was revealed in 50% patients. We discuss possible mechanisms of involvement of transplanted autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in reprogramming of blood mononuclear phagocytes from the pro- to anti-inflammatory phenotype under conditions of their in vivo interaction manifesting in transition from activation to inhibition of ROS-producing activity of macrophages and significant suppression of in vitro LPS-induced production of TNFα and GM-CSF by blood mononuclears against the background of significantly elevated TNFβ, IL-10, and IL-1α concentrations.