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Varying Susceptibility of the Female Mammary Gland to In Utero Windows of BPA Exposure.
- Source :
-
Endocrinology [Endocrinology] 2017 Oct 01; Vol. 158 (10), pp. 3435-3447. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- In utero exposure to the endocrine disrupting compound bisphenol A (BPA) is known to disrupt mammary gland development and increase tumor susceptibility in rodents. It is unclear whether different periods of in utero development might be more susceptible to BPA exposure. We exposed pregnant CD-1 mice to BPA at different times during gestation that correspond to specific milestones of in utero mammary gland development. The mammary glands of early-life and adult female mice, exposed in utero to BPA, were morphologically and molecularly (estrogen receptor-α and Ki67) evaluated for developmental abnormalities. We found that BPA treatment occurring before mammary bud invasion into the mesenchyme [embryonic day (E)12.5] incompletely resulted in the measured phenotypes of mammary gland defects. Exposing mice up to the point at which the epithelium extends into the precursor fat pad (E16.5) resulted in a nearly complete BPA phenotype and exposure during epithelial extension (E15.5 to E18.5) resulted in a partial phenotype. Furthermore, the relative differences in phenotypes between exposure windows highlight the substantial correlations between early-life molecular changes (estrogen receptor-α and Ki67) in the stroma and the epithelial elongation defects in mammary development. These data further implicate BPA action in the stroma as a critical mediator of epithelial phenotypes.<br /> (Copyright © 2017 Endocrine Society.)
- Subjects :
- Amniotic Fluid chemistry
Animals
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Estrogen Receptor alpha metabolism
Female
Immunohistochemistry
Ki-67 Antigen metabolism
Mammary Glands, Animal embryology
Mammary Glands, Animal metabolism
Mammary Glands, Animal pathology
Mice
Phenotype
Pregnancy
Time Factors
Benzhydryl Compounds pharmacology
Estrogen Receptor alpha drug effects
Estrogens, Non-Steroidal pharmacology
Ki-67 Antigen drug effects
Mammary Glands, Animal drug effects
Phenols pharmacology
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1945-7170
- Volume :
- 158
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Endocrinology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28938483
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2017-00116