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Intranasal Insulin Ameliorates Cerebral Hypometabolism, Neuronal Loss, and Astrogliosis in Streptozotocin-Induced Alzheimer's Rat Model.
- Source :
-
Neurotoxicity research [Neurotox Res] 2018 May; Vol. 33 (4), pp. 716-724. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Sep 19. - Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin (ICV-STZ) in rodents leads to cognitive impairments and several pathological changes like Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there is hardly any research about the effect of ICV-STZ on regional cerebral glucose metabolism in rodents. Previous studies have demonstrated that intranasal insulin improves cognition in AD patients. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we treated the ICV-STZ rats with daily intranasal delivery of insulin (2 U/day) for 6 consecutive weeks, then monitored <superscript>18</superscript> F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( <superscript>18</superscript> F-FDG) uptake using a high-resolution small-animal positron emission tomography (microPET) and studied the expression of neuronal nuclei (NeuN) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) using immunohistochemical staining. We observed that <superscript>18</superscript> F-FDG uptake decreased significantly at the prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and entorhinal cortex in ICV-STZ rats as compared with the control rats. Intranasal insulin restores the cerebral glucose metabolism in prefrontal and cingulate cortex and attenuates astroglia activation and neuronal loss in the hippocampus of ICV-STZ rats. These findings provide the mechanistic basis for treating AD patients with intranasal insulin.
- Subjects :
- Administration, Intranasal
Alzheimer Disease chemically induced
Alzheimer Disease diagnostic imaging
Animals
Antibiotics, Antineoplastic toxicity
Cerebral Cortex diagnostic imaging
Cerebral Cortex drug effects
Disease Models, Animal
Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 pharmacokinetics
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein metabolism
Gliosis diagnostic imaging
Gliosis etiology
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Neurons drug effects
Neurons pathology
Positron-Emission Tomography
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Streptozocin toxicity
Alzheimer Disease complications
Apoptosis drug effects
Cerebral Cortex metabolism
Gliosis drug therapy
Hypoglycemic Agents administration & dosage
Insulin administration & dosage
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1476-3524
- Volume :
- 33
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Neurotoxicity research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28929339
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-017-9809-7