[Recurrence of uncomplicated intestinal intussusception. Can it be treated as an outpatient?]

Objectives: To estimate the recurrence rate of intussusception after successful enema reduction and to analyze the costs of hospital admission with the current management of this pathology.
Material and Methods: A retrospective study over 5 years of 97 patients with confirmed diagnosis of intussusception was undertaken. Medical records were evaluated for patient demographic, clinical and radiological data. Patients with enema-reduced intussusception were selected and data respecting to timing and outcome of recurrences, and length of stay were analyzed. Recurrence was defined as a new episode of intussusception within 72 hours of the initial presentation. Costs were calculated using hospital-specific data.
Results: During the study period there were 81/97 children with successful enema reduction. Mean length of stay was 35 hours in the conservative treatment group. There were 8 episodes of recurrence, 5 of them within the first 24 hours (6.17%), for an overall recurrence rate of 9.88%. 7 children were treated by repeated enema and only one patient needed surgery for persistent illness. Assuming the overall recurrence rate of 9.88%, it would require hospitalizing 16 patients to identify a single recurrence with a cost of 1,723.75 € per patient.
Conclusions: Given the low recurrence rate for enema-reduced intussusception and the possibility of repeated enema for their treatment in most of recurrences, we strongly advocated for the outpatient management as a safe and cost-effective alternative.