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Equine Arteritis Virus Elicits a Mucosal Antibody Response in the Reproductive Tract of Persistently Infected Stallions.
- Source :
-
Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI [Clin Vaccine Immunol] 2017 Oct 05; Vol. 24 (10). Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Oct 05 (Print Publication: 2017). - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Equine arteritis virus (EAV) has the ability to establish persistent infection in the reproductive tract of the stallion (carrier) and is continuously shed in its semen. We have recently demonstrated that EAV persists within stromal cells and a subset of lymphocytes in the stallion accessory sex glands in the presence of a significant local inflammatory response. In the present study, we demonstrated that EAV elicits a mucosal antibody response in the reproductive tract during persistent infection with homing of plasma cells into accessory sex glands. The EAV-specific immunoglobulin isotypes in seminal plasma included IgA, IgG1, IgG3/5, and IgG4/7. Interestingly, seminal plasma IgG1 and IgG4/7 possessed virus-neutralizing activity, while seminal plasma IgA and IgG3/5 did not. However, virus-neutralizing IgG1 and IgG4/7 in seminal plasma were not effective in preventing viral infectivity. In addition, the serological response was primarily mediated by virus-specific IgM and IgG1, while virus-specific serum IgA, IgG3/5, IgG4/7, and IgG6 isotype responses were not detected. This is the first report characterizing the immunoglobulin isotypes in equine serum and seminal plasma in response to EAV infection. The findings presented herein suggest that while a broader immunoglobulin isotype diversity is elicited in seminal plasma, EAV has the ability to persist in the reproductive tract, in spite of local mucosal antibody and inflammatory responses. This study provides further evidence that EAV employs complex immune evasion mechanisms during persistence in the reproductive tract that warrant further investigation.<br /> (Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology
Antibodies, Viral immunology
Arterivirus Infections immunology
Arterivirus Infections virology
Horse Diseases virology
Horses
Immune Evasion
Immunity, Humoral
Immunoglobulin G analysis
Immunoglobulin G immunology
Immunoglobulin M analysis
Immunoglobulin M immunology
Male
Reproductive Tract Infections immunology
Reproductive Tract Infections virology
Viremia
Antibodies, Viral analysis
Arterivirus Infections veterinary
Equartevirus immunology
Horse Diseases immunology
Immunity, Mucosal
Reproductive Tract Infections veterinary
Semen immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1556-679X
- Volume :
- 24
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28814389
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00215-17