Nerves, H 2 O 2 and Shh: Three players in the game of regeneration.

Authors :: Meda F
Rampon C
Dupont E
Gauron C
Mourton A
Queguiner I
Thauvin M
Volovitch M
Joliot A
Vriz S
Source :: Seminars in cell & developmental biology [Semin Cell Dev Biol] 2018 Aug; Vol. 80, pp. 65-73. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Aug 08.
Publication Year :: 2018
Abstract: The tight control of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels is required during regeneration. H <subscript>2</subscript> O <subscript>2</subscript> in particular assumes clear signalling functions at different steps in this process. Injured nerves induce high levels of H <subscript>2</subscript> O <subscript>2</subscript> through the activation of the Hedgehog (Shh) pathway, providing an environment that promotes cell plasticity, progenitor recruitment and blastema formation. In turn, high H <subscript>2</subscript> O <subscript>2</subscript> levels contribute to growing axon attraction. Once re-innervation is completed, nerves subsequently downregulate H <subscript>2</subscript> O <subscript>2</subscript> levels to their original state. A similar regulatory loop between H <subscript>2</subscript> O <subscript>2</subscript> levels and nerves also exists during development. This suggests that redox signalling is a major actor in cell plasticity.<br /> (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)