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Aridity and hominin environments.
- Source :
-
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2017 Jul 11; Vol. 114 (28), pp. 7331-7336. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Jun 26. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Aridification is often considered a major driver of long-term ecological change and hominin evolution in eastern Africa during the Plio-Pleistocene; however, this hypothesis remains inadequately tested owing to difficulties in reconstructing terrestrial paleoclimate. We present a revised aridity index for quantifying water deficit (WD) in terrestrial environments using tooth enamel δ <superscript>18</superscript> O values, and use this approach to address paleoaridity over the past 4.4 million years in eastern Africa. We find no long-term trend in WD, consistent with other terrestrial climate indicators in the Omo-Turkana Basin, and no relationship between paleoaridity and herbivore paleodiet structure among fossil collections meeting the criteria for WD estimation. Thus, we suggest that changes in the abundance of C <subscript>4</subscript> grass and grazing herbivores in eastern Africa during the Pliocene and Pleistocene may have been decoupled from aridity. As in modern African ecosystems, other factors, such as rainfall seasonality or ecological interactions among plants and mammals, may be important for understanding the evolution of C <subscript>4</subscript> grass- and grazer-dominated biomes.<br />Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1091-6490
- Volume :
- 114
- Issue :
- 28
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28652366
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1700597114