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Dietary habits in Parkinson's disease: Adherence to Mediterranean diet.

Authors :
Cassani E
Barichella M
Ferri V
Pinelli G
Iorio L
Bolliri C
Caronni S
Faierman SA
Mottolese A
Pusani C
Monajemi F
Pasqua M
Lubisco A
Cereda E
Frazzitta G
Petroni ML
Pezzoli G
Source :
Parkinsonism & related disorders [Parkinsonism Relat Disord] 2017 Sep; Vol. 42, pp. 40-46. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Jun 15.
Publication Year :
2017

Abstract

Introduction: Our objective is to describe the dietary habits, food preferences and adherence to Mediterranean diet (MeDi) of a large sample of Italian Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients compared to a group of controls.<br />Methods: Dietary habits of 600 PD patients from throughout Italy and 600 controls matched by gender, age, education, physical activity level and geographical residence, were collected using the ON-GP Food Frequency Questionnaire. Then, we compared patients by disease duration and the presence of swallowing disturbances.<br />Results: Overall, adherence of PD patients (males, 53.8%; mean disease duration, 9.2 ± 7.0 years) to MeDi was similar to controls (score, 4.8 ± 1.7 vs. 4.9 ± 1.6; P = 0.294). Patients consumed less alcohol and fish and drank significantly less water, coffee, and milk which resulted also in lower total fluids intake. On the contrary, they ate more fruit, cooked vegetables, cereals and baked items, more dressings and more sweets in general. Disease duration was associated with increased intake of several food groups but it was not associated with changes in MeDi score (P = 0.721). Patients with swallowing disturbances (n = 72) preferred softer and more viscous food but preferences did not result in differences in dietary pattern. However, patients with dysphagia drank less fluids (P = 0.043).<br />Discussion: PD patients presented different dietary habits and food preferences compared to the general population and adherence to MeDi was not associated with disease duration. Self-reported dysphagia was associated with reduced intake of fluids. These aspects may be amenable to change in order to improve the management of nutritional issues in this patient population.<br /> (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1873-5126
Volume :
42
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Parkinsonism & related disorders
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
28647435
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.06.007