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Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation in Chronic Kidney Disease: Role of Uremic Toxins.
- Source :
-
Nephron [Nephron] 2017; Vol. 137 (1), pp. 1-7. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 May 11. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in the expression of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules. Uremic toxins such as indoxyl sulfate and indole acetic acid are derived from tryptophan fermentation by gut microbiota; they accumulate in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on haemodialysis and have recently emerged as potent ligands of AhR. Therefore, AhR can serve as a mediator in inflammation and cardiovascular diseases in these patients. This review discusses current data that support a link between AhR activation and uremic toxins from gut microbiota in CKD.<br /> (© 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Cardiovascular Diseases etiology
Glucuronates metabolism
Humans
Indican metabolism
Indoleacetic Acids metabolism
Indoles metabolism
Models, Biological
Tryptophan metabolism
Uremia metabolism
Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon metabolism
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic metabolism
Toxins, Biological metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2235-3186
- Volume :
- 137
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nephron
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28490014
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1159/000476074