[Measles after MMR-vaccination].

Background: The Dutch national vaccination program provides vaccination for mumps, measles and rubella (MMR vaccine) for all children. After vaccination with live attenuated viruses, the virus replicates on a limited scale. Replication may lead to mild symptoms occurring 5-14 days after MMR-vaccination, including fever, conjunctivitis and rash. Symptoms are comparable to those of a wildtype measles infection.
Case Description: A 14-month-old boy was admitted to the hospital with an impressive rash 13 days after MMR-vaccination. Diagnostic tests were positive for measles. This test result caused the mother to doubt further vaccination.
Conclusion: Within 14 days after MMR-vaccination, a child can present with symptoms very similar to a wildtype measles virus infection. The low incidence of wildtype measles infection strongly suggests that these symptoms will likely be a reaction to vaccination. Elaborate diagnostic procedures may cause the parents a lot of stress and therefore offering reassurance to parents may be more appropriate.