Open-square technique using a novel pre-cuffed, spiral-ringed conduit for the Norwood procedure.

To avoid stenotic conduit events, 2 modifications were added to Norwood reconstruction with a right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit: open-square insertion of a proximal conduit end and use of a pre-cuffed, spiral-ringed conduit. Three consecutive patients treated with this technique successfully underwent bidirectional Glenn with no stenotic events. These modifications are beneficial and safe.
(© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.)