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Biphasic adaptation to osmotic stress in the C. elegans germ line.
- Source :
-
American journal of physiology. Cell physiology [Am J Physiol Cell Physiol] 2017 Jun 01; Vol. 312 (6), pp. C741-C748. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Apr 05. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Cells respond to environmental stress in multiple ways. In the germ line, heat shock and nutritive stress trigger the assembly of large ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). The RNP granules are hypothesized to maintain the quality of oocytes during stress. The goal of this study was to investigate the cellular response to glucose in the germ line and determine if it is an osmotic stress response. We found that exposure to 500 mM glucose induces the assembly of RNP granules in the germ line within 1 h. Interestingly, the RNP granules are maintained for up to 3 h; however, they dissociate after longer periods of stress. The RNP granules include processing body and stress granule proteins, suggesting shared functions. Based on several lines of evidence, the germ line response to glucose largely appears to be an osmotic stress response, thus identifying osmotic stress as a trigger of LLPS. Although RNP granules are not maintained beyond 3 h of osmotic stress, the quality of oocytes does not appear to decrease after longer periods of stress, suggesting a secondary adaptation in the germ line. We used an indirect marker of glycerol and observed high levels after 5 and 20 h of glucose exposure. Moreover, in gpdh-1;gpdh-2 germ lines, glycerol levels are reduced concomitant with RNP granules being maintained for an extended period. We speculate that increased glycerol levels may function as a secondary osmoregulatory adaptive response in the germ line, following a primary response of RNP granule assembly.<br /> (Copyright © 2017 the American Physiological Society.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Caenorhabditis elegans genetics
Caenorhabditis elegans metabolism
Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins genetics
Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins metabolism
Cell Survival drug effects
Cytoplasmic Granules metabolism
Cytoplasmic Granules ultrastructure
Disorders of Sex Development genetics
Disorders of Sex Development metabolism
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Gene Expression Regulation
Genes, Reporter
Glycerol metabolism
Green Fluorescent Proteins genetics
Green Fluorescent Proteins metabolism
Oocytes cytology
Oocytes metabolism
Osmotic Pressure
RNA Nucleotidyltransferases genetics
RNA Nucleotidyltransferases metabolism
RNA-Binding Proteins genetics
RNA-Binding Proteins metabolism
Ribonucleoproteins agonists
Ribonucleoproteins metabolism
Stress, Physiological
Adaptation, Physiological
Caenorhabditis elegans drug effects
Cytoplasmic Granules drug effects
Glucose pharmacology
Oocytes drug effects
Ribonucleoproteins genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1522-1563
- Volume :
- 312
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- American journal of physiology. Cell physiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28381521
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00364.2016