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Serological detection of antibodies to Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Ehrlichia canis and of Dirofilaria immitis antigen in dogs from Costa Rica.
- Source :
-
Veterinary parasitology [Vet Parasitol] 2017 Mar 15; Vol. 236, pp. 97-107. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Feb 14. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- In a study in Costa Rica 314 serum samples from dogs throughout all seven provinces were tested using a commercial kit for the detection of circulating antibodies against Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Ehrlichia canis, and of circulating antigen of Dirofilaria immitis. A total of 6.4% (20/314) and 38.2% (120/314) were positive for Anaplasma spp. (An) and E. canis (Ec) antibodies. Overall, 8.0% (25/314) were positive for D. immitis (Di) antigen. One single dog reacted positive with B. burgdorferi s.l. (Bb) antigen (0.3%, 1/314). E. canis positive dogs were detected in all provinces (highest percentages in Guanacaste, Puntarenas [both significantly different compared to the overall] and Limón). Guanacaste and Puntarenas also showed the highest prevalences of Anaplasma spp. (both significantly different compared to the overall). The highest prevalence of D. immitis was detected in Puntarenas (significantly different compared to the overall). Double pathogen exposure (Ec plus An; Ec plus Di; Ec plus Bb) were recorded in 8.9% (28/314). Two dogs showed a triple pathogen exposure (0.6%, 2/314; An, Ec and Di). There was a significant difference between male (11.5%, 18/156) and female (4.4%, 7/158) animals for D. immitis positive results. There was also a significant difference between breed and no breed dogs regarding the characteristics of a general positive test, as well as seropositivity to the single pathogens of Anaplasma spp., E. canis and D. immitis. Finally there was a significant difference in the presence of clinical signs again regarding the characteristics of a general positive test, as well as seropositivity to Anaplasma spp., E. canis and D. immitis. Practitioners in Costa Rica should be aware of the canine vector-borne diseases mentioned as dogs are at risk of becoming infected. Concerning the positive B. burgdorferi s.l. dog, an autochthonous occurrence cannot be confirmed due to a history of adoption and an unusual tattoo number. Veterinary advice to protect dogs and limit transmission of vector-borne pathogens, also to humans, by using prophylactic measures is strongly recommended.<br /> (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Age Factors
Anaplasma isolation & purification
Anaplasmosis genetics
Anaplasmosis microbiology
Animals
Antibodies, Bacterial blood
Antigens, Helminth blood
Borrelia burgdorferi Group isolation & purification
Costa Rica epidemiology
Dirofilaria immitis isolation & purification
Dirofilariasis genetics
Dirofilariasis parasitology
Dog Diseases genetics
Dog Diseases microbiology
Dog Diseases parasitology
Dogs
Ehrlichia canis isolation & purification
Ehrlichiosis epidemiology
Ehrlichiosis genetics
Ehrlichiosis microbiology
Female
Lyme Disease epidemiology
Lyme Disease genetics
Lyme Disease microbiology
Male
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Sex Factors
Anaplasmosis epidemiology
Dirofilariasis epidemiology
Dog Diseases epidemiology
Ehrlichiosis veterinary
Lyme Disease veterinary
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-2550
- Volume :
- 236
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Veterinary parasitology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28288773
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.02.009