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The Effect of Vancomycin and Gentamicin Antibiotics on Human Osteoblast Proliferation, Metabolic Function, and Bone Mineralization.
- Source :
-
Spine [Spine (Phila Pa 1976)] 2017 Feb; Vol. 42 (3), pp. 202-207. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Study Design: The present study investigates the effect of vancomycin and gentamicin antibiotics on primary human osteoblasts. Osteoblasts were incubated with vancomycin, gentamicin, or with povidone-iodine (PVI), at concentrations advocated for wound irrigation. Osteoblast proliferation, metabolic function, and bone mineralization were measured.<br />Objective: The aim of the study was to model gentamicin and vancomycin wound irrigation in vitro and to examine the effect on osteoblast viability and cellular function in comparison to 0.35% PVI.<br />Summary of Background Data: Vancomycin, gentamicin, and dilute PVI are employed as wound irrigants in spinal surgery to reduce infection. We have, however, recently demonstrated that 0.35% PVI has a detrimental effect on osteoblast cellular function and bone mineralization. Studies to determine the effects of antibiotic wound irrigation solutions on osteoblasts and bone mineralization are therefore warranted.<br />Methods: Primary human osteoblasts were exposed for 20 minutes to phosphate buffered saline (PBS) control, vancomycin (35 or 3.5 mmol/L), gentamicin (34 or 3.4 mmol/L), or 0.35% PVI for 3 minutes. Cellular proliferation was measured during 7 days by MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assay. Osteoblast metabolic function was determined using a Seahorse XFe24 Bioanalyzer. Mineralized bone nodules were quantified using Alizarin red.<br />Results: At concentrations advocated for wound irrigation, both gentamicin (3.4 mmol/L) and vancomycin (3.5 mmol/L) induced a transient 15% to 20% reduction in osteoblast proliferation, which returned to control values within 72 hours. This was in marked contrast to the effect of 0.35% PVI, which resulted in a sustained reduction in osteoblast proliferation of between 40% and 50% during 7 days. Neither gentamicin nor vancomycin at concentrations up to 10× clinical dose had any effect on osteoblast oxygen consumption rate, or significantly affected mineralized bone nodule formation.<br />Conclusion: Vancomycin and gentamicin solutions, at concentrations advocated for intrawound application in spinal surgery, have a small but transient effect on osteoblast proliferation, and no effect on either osteoblast metabolic function or bone nodule mineralization.<br />Level of Evidence: N/A.
- Subjects :
- Cells, Cultured
Humans
Povidone-Iodine therapeutic use
Surgical Wound Infection drug therapy
Tetrazolium Salts therapeutic use
Thiazoles therapeutic use
Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology
Cell Proliferation drug effects
Gentamicins pharmacology
Osteoblasts drug effects
Osteogenesis drug effects
Vancomycin pharmacology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1528-1159
- Volume :
- 42
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Spine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28121963
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0000000000001712