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Prophage-mediated defence against viral attack and viral counter-defence.
Prophage-mediated defence against viral attack and viral counter-defence.
- Source :
-
Nature microbiology [Nat Microbiol] 2017 Jan 09; Vol. 2, pp. 16251. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Jan 09. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Temperate phages are common, and prophages are abundant residents of sequenced bacterial genomes. Mycobacteriophages are viruses that infect mycobacterial hosts including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis, encompass substantial genetic diversity and are commonly temperate. Characterization of ten Cluster N temperate mycobacteriophages revealed at least five distinct prophage-expressed viral defence systems that interfere with the infection of lytic and temperate phages that are either closely related (homotypic defence) or unrelated (heterotypic defence) to the prophage. Target specificity is unpredictable, ranging from a single target phage to one-third of those tested. The defence systems include a single-subunit restriction system, a heterotypic exclusion system and a predicted (p)ppGpp synthetase, which blocks lytic phage growth, promotes bacterial survival and enables efficient lysogeny. The predicted (p)ppGpp synthetase coded by the Phrann prophage defends against phage Tweety infection, but Tweety codes for a tetrapeptide repeat protein, gp54, which acts as a highly effective counter-defence system. Prophage-mediated viral defence offers an efficient mechanism for bacterial success in host-virus dynamics, and counter-defence promotes phage co-evolution.
- Subjects :
- DNA, Viral genetics
Genetic Variation
Genome, Bacterial
Genome, Viral
Ligases genetics
Lysogeny
Mycobacteriophages genetics
Mycobacterium smegmatis genetics
Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetics
Phylogeny
Prophages enzymology
Prophages genetics
Viral Proteins genetics
Mycobacteriophages physiology
Mycobacterium smegmatis virology
Mycobacterium tuberculosis virology
Prophages physiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2058-5276
- Volume :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nature microbiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28067906
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.251