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Immediate Type Hypersensitivity to Heparins: Two Case Reports and a Review of the Literature.
- Source :
-
International archives of allergy and immunology [Int Arch Allergy Immunol] 2016; Vol. 171 (3-4), pp. 285-289. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Jan 04. - Publication Year :
- 2016
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Abstract
- Immediate type hypersensitivity reactions due to heparins are rare, and the exact immunologic pathomechanism has not been identified so far. In our 2 case reports, we describe first a 50-year-old female who received dalteparin (Fragmin®) and developed signs of an immediate type hypersensitivity reaction. The personal history revealed a previous application of dalteparin (Fragmin®). Evaluation with a skin prick test showed positive results for dalteparin. The second case deals with a 73-year-old female with a suspected immediate type reaction after the administration of dalteparin (Fragmin®). A skin prick test was negative but intracutaneous tests showed a positive reaction to the causative agent. Both cases indicated cross-reactivity reactions for low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) but not for unfractioned heparin (UFH) or fondaparinux. In conclusion, our case reports including a review of published cases of immediate type hypersensitivity reactions after the application of heparins illustrate this rare complication. Mostly, the causative agent can be identified with a skin test, which is highly suggestive of an IgE-mediated reaction. Therapeutic alternatives for patients with sensitization to an LMWH are UFH and fondaparinux. Both agents have a small risk of cross-reactivity compared to heparins of the same substance class.<br /> (© 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1423-0097
- Volume :
- 171
- Issue :
- 3-4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- International archives of allergy and immunology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28049195
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1159/000453525