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Cardiometabolic risk improvement in response to a 3-yr lifestyle modification program in men: contribution of improved cardiorespiratory fitness vs. weight loss.
- Source :
-
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism [Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab] 2017 Apr 01; Vol. 312 (4), pp. E273-E281. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Dec 27. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Our objective was to examine the respective contributions of changes in visceral adiposity, subcutaneous adiposity, liver fat, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to the improvements in cardiometabolic risk markers in response to a 3-yr healthy eating/physical activity lifestyle intervention. Ninety-four out of 144 viscerally obese healthy men completed a 3-yr lifestyle intervention. Body weight, body composition, and fat distribution were assessed by anthropometry and DEXA/computed tomography. CRF, adipokines, lipoprotein/lipid profile, and 75 g of oral glucose tolerance were assessed. CRF and visceral and subcutaneous adiposity significantly improved over the 3-yr intervention, with a nadir in year 1 and a partial regain in year 3 Liver fat (estimated by insulin hepatic extraction) stabilized from year 1 to year 3 , whereas HOMA-IR, ISI-Matsuda index, and adiponectin continued to improve. Multivariate analysis revealed that both visceral adiposity and estimated liver fat reductions contributed to the improved ISI-Matsuda index observed over 3 yr ( r <superscript>2</superscript> = 0.28, P < 0.001). Three-year changes in fat mass and CRF were independently associated with changes in visceral fat (adjusted r <superscript>2</superscript> = 0.40, P < 0.001), whereas only changes in CRF were associated with changes in estimated liver fat (adjusted r <superscript>2</superscript> = 0.18, P < 0.001). A long-term (3 yr) healthy eating/physical activity intervention in men improves several cardiometabolic risk markers over the long term (3 yr) despite a partial body weight regain observed between year 1 and year 3 The improvement in CRF contributes to visceral and estimated liver fat losses over the long term, which in turn explain the benefits of the lifestyle intervention on cardiometabolic risk profile.<br /> (Copyright © 2017 the American Physiological Society.)
- Subjects :
- Adiposity physiology
Adult
Aged
Body Weight physiology
Cardiovascular Diseases etiology
Cardiovascular Diseases metabolism
Humans
Insulin Resistance physiology
Intra-Abdominal Fat metabolism
Liver metabolism
Male
Middle Aged
Obesity, Abdominal complications
Obesity, Abdominal metabolism
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Cardiorespiratory Fitness physiology
Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control
Health Behavior
Life Style
Obesity, Abdominal therapy
Weight Loss physiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1522-1555
- Volume :
- 312
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28028035
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00278.2016