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Exogenous Cellulase Switches Cell Interdigitation to Cell Elongation in an RIC1-dependent Manner in Arabidopsis thaliana Cotyledon Pavement Cells.
- Source :
-
Plant & cell physiology [Plant Cell Physiol] 2017 Jan 01; Vol. 58 (1), pp. 106-119. - Publication Year :
- 2017
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Abstract
- Pavement cells in cotyledons and true leaves exhibit a jigsaw puzzle-like morphology in most dicotyledonous plants. Among the molecular mechanisms mediating cell morphogenesis, two antagonistic Rho-like GTPases regulate local cell outgrowth via cytoskeletal rearrangements. Analyses of several cell wall-related mutants suggest the importance of cell wall mechanics in the formation of interdigitated patterns. However, how these factors are integrated is unknown. In this study, we observed that the application of exogenous cellulase to hydroponically grown Arabidopsis thaliana cotyledons switched the interdigitation of pavement cells to the production of smoothly elongated cells. The cellulase-induced inhibition of cell interdigitation was not observed in a RIC1 knockout mutant. This gene encodes a Rho-like GTPase-interacting protein important for localized cell growth suppression via microtubule bundling on concave cell interfaces. Additionally, to characterize pavement cell morphologies, we developed a mathematical model that considers the balance between cell and cell wall growth, restricted global cell growth orientation, and regulation of local cell outgrowth mediated by a Rho-like GTPase-cytoskeleton system. Our computational simulations fully support our experimental observations, and suggest that interdigitated patterns form because of mechanical buckling in the absence of Rho-like GTPase-dependent regulation of local cell outgrowth. Our model clarifies the cell wall mechanics influencing pavement cell morphogenesis.<br /> (© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Subjects :
- Algorithms
Arabidopsis cytology
Arabidopsis genetics
Arabidopsis Proteins genetics
Cell Enlargement drug effects
Cell Shape drug effects
Cell Shape genetics
Cell Wall genetics
Cell Wall metabolism
Computer Simulation
Cotyledon cytology
Cotyledon genetics
Cytoskeleton metabolism
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Microscopy, Confocal
Microtubule-Associated Proteins genetics
Microtubules metabolism
Models, Biological
Mutation
Plant Epidermis cytology
Plant Epidermis genetics
Plant Epidermis metabolism
Plants, Genetically Modified
Arabidopsis metabolism
Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism
Cellulase pharmacology
Cotyledon metabolism
Microtubule-Associated Proteins metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1471-9053
- Volume :
- 58
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Plant & cell physiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28011873
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcw183