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Identification of Crucial Amino Acid Residues Involved in Agonist Signaling at the GPR55 Receptor.
- Source :
-
Biochemistry [Biochemistry] 2017 Jan 24; Vol. 56 (3), pp. 473-486. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Jan 11. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- GPR55 is a newly deorphanized class A G-protein-coupled receptor that has been implicated in inflammatory pain, neuropathic pain, metabolic disorder, bone development, and cancer. Few potent GPR55 ligands have been identified to date. This is largely due to an absence of information about salient features of GPR55, such as residues important for signaling and residues implicated in the GPR55 signaling cascade. The goal of this work was to identify residues that are key for the signaling of the GPR55 endogenous ligand, l-α-lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), as well as the signaling of the GPR55 agonist, ML184 {CID 2440433, 3-[4-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)piperazine-1-carbonyl]-N,N-dimethyl-4-pyrrolidin-1-ylbenzenesulfonamide}. Serum response element (SRE) and serum response factor (SRF) luciferase assays were used as readouts for studying LPI and ML184 signaling at the GPR55 mutants. A GPR55 R* model based on the recent δ-opioid receptor (DOR) crystal structure was used to interpret the resultant mutation data. Two residues were found to be crucial for agonist signaling at GPR55, K2.60 and E3.29, suggesting that these residues form the primary interaction site for ML184 and LPI at GPR55. Y3.32F, H(170)F, and F6.55A/L mutation results suggested that these residues are part of the orthosteric binding site for ML184, while Y3.32F and H(170)F mutation results suggest that these two residues are part of the LPI binding pocket. Y3.32L, M3.36A, and F6.48A mutation results suggest the importance of a Y3.32/M3.36/F6.48 cluster in the GPR55 signaling cascade. C(10)A and C(260)A mutations suggest that these residues form a second disulfide bridge in the extracellular domain of GPR55, occluding ligand extracellular entry in the TMH1-TMH7 region of GPR55. Taken together, these results provide the first set of discrete information about GPR55 residues important for LPI and ML184 signaling and for GPR55 activation. This information should aid in the rational design of next-generation GPR55 ligands and the creation of the first high-affinity GPR55 radioligand, a tool that is sorely needed in the field.
- Subjects :
- Amino Acid Motifs
Binding Sites
Crystallography, X-Ray
Gene Expression
HEK293 Cells
Humans
Kinetics
Ligands
Lysophospholipids pharmacology
Molecular Docking Simulation
Mutation
Piperazines pharmacology
Protein Binding
Pyrrolidines pharmacology
Receptors, Cannabinoid
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled agonists
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled genetics
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled metabolism
Receptors, Opioid, delta chemistry
Receptors, Opioid, delta genetics
Receptors, Opioid, delta metabolism
Recombinant Fusion Proteins genetics
Recombinant Fusion Proteins metabolism
Serum Response Factor chemistry
Serum Response Factor genetics
Serum Response Factor metabolism
Signal Transduction
Glycine max
Structural Homology, Protein
Thermodynamics
Lysophospholipids chemistry
Piperazines chemistry
Pyrrolidines chemistry
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled chemistry
Recombinant Fusion Proteins chemistry
Serum Response Element
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1520-4995
- Volume :
- 56
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Biochemistry
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28005346
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01013