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Intrauterine growth restriction increases circulating mitochondrial DNA and Toll-like receptor 9 expression in adult offspring: could aerobic training counteract these adaptations?
- Source :
-
Journal of developmental origins of health and disease [J Dev Orig Health Dis] 2017 Apr; Vol. 8 (2), pp. 236-243. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Dec 22. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- It has been demonstrated that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) can program increase cardiometabolic risk. There are also evidences of the correlation between IUGR with low-grade inflammation and, thus can contribute to development of several cardiometabolic comorbidities. Therefore, we investigated the influence of IUGR on circulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)/Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and TNF-α expression in adult offspring. Considering that the aerobic training has anti-inflammatory actions, we also investigated whether aerobic training would improve these inflammatory factors. Pregnant Wistar rats received ad libitum or 50% of ad libitum diet throughout gestation. At 8 weeks of age, male offspring from both groups were randomly assigned to control, trained control, restricted and trained restricted. Aerobic training protocol was performed on a treadmill and after that, we evaluated circulating mtDNA, cardiac protein expression of TLR9, plasma and cardiac TNF-α levels, and left ventricle (LV) mass. We found that IUGR promoted an increase in the circulating mtDNA, TLR9 expression and plasma TNF-α levels. Further, our results revealed that aerobic training can restore mtDNA/TLR9 content and plasma levels of TNF-α among restricted rats. The cardiac TNF-α content and LV mass were not influenced either by IUGR or aerobic training. In conclusion, IUGR can program mtDNA/TLR9 content, which may lead to high levels of TNF-α. However, aerobic training was able to normalize these alterations. These findings evidenced that the association of IUGR and aerobic training seems to exert an important interaction effect regarding pro-inflammatory condition and, aerobic training may be used as a strategy to reduce deleterious adaptations in IUGR offspring.
- Subjects :
- Adaptation, Physiological
Animals
Animals, Newborn
Cardiomegaly etiology
DNA, Mitochondrial blood
Female
Male
Pregnancy
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Cardiomegaly prevention & control
DNA, Mitochondrial genetics
Fetal Growth Retardation physiopathology
Physical Conditioning, Animal methods
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects physiopathology
Toll-Like Receptor 9 metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2040-1752
- Volume :
- 8
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of developmental origins of health and disease
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28004624
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1017/S2040174416000714