Chicken transferrin receptor expression during erythroid differentiation and by retrovirus transformed cells.

Antiserum prepared against sucrose gradient purified reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) recognized the chicken transferrin receptor. Molecules immunoprecipitated from red blood cells (RBC) obtained from embryonic chickens with either the anti-REV reagent or a chicken transferrin immunomatrix were demonstrated to be identical by co-migration in both reducing and nonreducing SDS-polyacrylamide gels and in two-dimensional isoelectric focusing analyses, reciprocal immunodepletion analyses and by peptide mapping. The chicken transferrin receptor was shown to be a 190,000 dalton cell surface membrane molecule consisting of two similar disulfide-bonded subunits of approximately 95,000 daltons. The chicken transferrin receptor was expressed on erythroid cell surface membranes as 95,000 dalton monomers as well as 190,000 dalton dimers. The chicken transferrin receptor was expressed on all differentiation/maturation stages, including mature RBC, of both the primitive and definitive type I erythroid cell series. In adult chickens, the transferrin receptor was expressed by immature erythroid cells in the bone marrow, but not by mature circulating RBC. REV-transformed immature lymphoid cells and avian erythroblastosis virus (AEV)-transformed erythroid cells expressed dimers composed of 95,000 and 110,000 dalton subunits. Comparisons among V8 protease derived peptides from 95,000 dalton transferrin receptors obtained from RBC and REV-transformed lymphoid cells revealed a high degree of homology; however, the 95,000 dalton molecules isolated from REV-transformed lymphoid cells exhibited a 56,000 dalton peptide that was unique. Cloned AEV-transformed erythroleukemia cells induced to differentiate by supplementation of the media with 1 mM butyric acid expressed elevated transferrin receptor levels. Both serological and peptide mapping studies demonstrated the human transferrin receptor on K562 cells and the chicken transferrin receptor to be distinct. However, chicken transferrin was shown to be capable of reacting with the human transferrin receptors on K562 cells.