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Comparative in vitro activity of oritavancin and other agents against methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Authors :
Sweeney D
Shinabarger DL
Arhin FF
Belley A
Moeck G
Pillar CM
Source :
Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease [Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis] 2017 Feb; Vol. 87 (2), pp. 121-128. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Nov 12.
Publication Year :
2017

Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections constitute a threat to the public health due to their prevalence and associated mortality and morbidity. Several agents have been recently approved to treat MRSA skin infections including lipoglycopeptides (dalbavancin, oritavancin, and telavancin), ceftaroline, and tedizolid. This study compared the MIC, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and time-kill of these agents alongside daptomycin, linezolid, and vancomycin against MRSA (n=15); meropenem, cefazolin, and nafcillin were also included against methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA [n=12]). MIC and MBC testing was conducted in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines, and time-kills were evaluated at multiples of the MIC and the free-drug maximum plasma concentration (fC <subscript>max</subscript> ) at both standard and high inoculum densities for a subset of MRSA (n=2) and MSSA (n=2). MRSA and MSSA were highly susceptible to all agents, with the lipoglycopeptides having the most potent activity by MIC <subscript>50/90</subscript> . All agents excluding tedizolid and linezolid were bactericidal by MBC for MRSA and MSSA, though dalbavancin and telavancin exhibited strain-specific bactericidal activity for MRSA. All agents excluding tedizolid and linezolid were bactericidal by time-kill at their respective fC <subscript>max</subscript> against MRSA and MSSA at standard inoculum density, though oritavancin exhibited the most rapid bactericidal activity. Oritavancin and daptomycin at their respective fC <subscript>max</subscript> maintained similar kill curves at high inoculum density. In contrast, the killing observed with other agents was typically reduced or slowed at high inoculum density. These data demonstrate the rapid bactericidal activity of oritavancin and daptomycin against S. aureus relative to other MRSA agents regardless of bacterial burden.<br /> (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1879-0070
Volume :
87
Issue :
2
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
27890418
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.11.002