Synovitis of sternoclavicular and peripheral joints can be detected by ultrasound in patients with SAPHO syndrome.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of ultrasonographic abnormalities of sternoclavicular joints (SCJ) and peripheral joints (PJ) in patients with synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome.
Methods: Thirteen patients with SAPHO syndrome who fulfilled diagnostic criteria proposed by Kahn for SAPHO syndrome 2003 and 13 healthy individuals age- and sex-matched were enrolled. Synovitis, defined by synovial hypertrophy with power Doppler (PD) signals, of the SCJ and the PJ including wrist, MCP, PIP, and the other symptomatic joints were evaluated by ultrasound (US).
Results: Synovitis with PD signals was detected in 16 (61.5%) of the 26 SCJ and 11 (84.6%) of the SAPHO syndrome patients, and none of the controls. Synovitis with PD signals in any PJ was detected in 4 (30.7%) of the SAPHO syndrome patients.
Conclusions: Synovitis of the SCJ and PJ in SAPHO syndrome was detectable by US with a PD method. US can be useful for the diagnosis of SAPHO syndrome.