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Enterotoxin Gene Cluster-Encoded SEI and SElN from Staphylococcus aureus Isolates are Crucial for the Induction of Human Blood Cell Proliferation and Pathogenicity in Rabbits.
- Source :
-
Toxins [Toxins (Basel)] 2016 Oct 28; Vol. 8 (11). Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Oct 28. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Among the toxin family of bacterial superantigens, the six members of the enterotoxin gene cluster (egc) seem to have unusual characteristics. They are present in the majority of Staphylococcus aureus strains, but their role in disease remains uncertain. We assessed secretion levels, immunogenicity, and toxicity of native and recombinant egc proteins. After having developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, we found different quantities of egc proteins secreted by bacterial isolates. Supernatants induced proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However, purified recombinant egc proteins were shown to have differing superantigenicity potentials. Immunization with identical amounts of all members of egc, and the prominent toxic agent SEB, resulted in neutralizing antisera. Two egc proteins, SEI and SE l N, were found to play a predominant role within the cluster. Both displayed the highest potential to activate blood cells, and were essential to be neutralized in supernatants. The application of a supernatant of a strain bearing only egc was sufficient for a lethal outcome in a rabbit model. Again, neutralization of SEI and SE l N led to the survival of all tested animals. Finally, nanogram amounts of purified rSEI and rSE l N led to lethality in vivo, pointing out the importance of both as virulence determinants among egc superantigens.<br />Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Cell Proliferation drug effects
Cells, Cultured
Humans
Leukocytes, Mononuclear drug effects
Rabbits
Recombinant Proteins pharmacology
Bacterial Proteins genetics
Bacterial Proteins metabolism
Bacterial Proteins pharmacology
Bacterial Toxins genetics
Bacterial Toxins metabolism
Bacterial Toxins pharmacology
Enterotoxins genetics
Enterotoxins metabolism
Enterotoxins pharmacology
Staphylococcus aureus genetics
Staphylococcus aureus isolation & purification
Staphylococcus aureus metabolism
Superantigens genetics
Superantigens metabolism
Superantigens pharmacology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2072-6651
- Volume :
- 8
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Toxins
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 27801832
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins8110314