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Highly Arid Oasis Yield, Soil Mineral N Accumulation and N Balance in a Wheat-Cotton Rotation with Drip Irrigation and Mulching Film Management.
- Source :
-
PloS one [PLoS One] 2016 Oct 31; Vol. 11 (10), pp. e0165404. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Oct 31 (Print Publication: 2016). - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Few systematic studies have been carried out on integrated N balance in extremely arid oasis agricultural areas. A two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the N input and output balances under long-term fertilization conditions. Five treatments were chosen, namely CK (no fertilizer), NPK, NPKS (10% straw return N and 90% chemical N), NPKM (one third urea-N, two thirds sheep manure) and NPKM+ (1.5 times NPKM). The results show an abundance of dry and wet N deposition (33 kg N ha-1 yr-1) in this area. All treatments (excluding CK) showed no significant difference in wheat production (P>0.05). NPKM gave higher cotton yields (P<0.05). In both crops, NPKM and NPKS treatments had a relatively higher N harvest index (NHI). 15N-labeled results reveal that the fertilizer N in all N treatments leached to<1 m depth and a high proportion of fertilizer-N remained in the top 60 cm of the soil profile. The NPKM+ treatment had the highest residual soil mineral N (Nmin, 558 kg Nd ha-1), and NPKM and NPKS treatments had relatively low soil Nmin values (275 and 293 kg N ha-1, respectively). Most of the treatments exhibited very high apparent N losses, especially the NPKM+ treatment (369kg N ha-1). Our arid research area had a strikingly high N loss compared to less arid agricultural areas. Nitrogen inputs therefore need careful reconsideration, especially the initial soil Nmin, fertilizer N inputs, dry and wet deposition, and appropriate organic and straw inputs which are all factors that must be taken into account under very arid conditions.<br />Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Subjects :
- Air
Ammonium Compounds analysis
Animals
China
Crops, Agricultural growth & development
Environment
Fertilizers analysis
Manure analysis
Nitrates analysis
Nitrogen Isotopes
Rain
Rotation
Seasons
Sheep
Temperature
Agricultural Irrigation methods
Agriculture methods
Desert Climate
Gossypium growth & development
Minerals analysis
Nitrogen analysis
Soil chemistry
Triticum growth & development
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1932-6203
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- PloS one
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 27798654
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165404