[Simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation].

Objectives: To perform a State of The Art about the different aspects of pancreas transplantation such as indications, technical features, immunosuppressive strategies and outcomes of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation.
Material and Methods: An exhaustive systematic review of the scientific literature was performed in the Medline database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) and Embase (http://www.embase.com) using different associations of the following keywords (MESH) : « pancreas transplantation; kidney transplantation; simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation; immunosuppression ». Publications obtained were selected based on methodology, language, date of publication (last 20 years) and relevance. Prospective and retrospective studies, in English or French, review articles; meta-analysis and guidelines were selected and analyzed. This search found 2736 articles. After reading titles and abstracts, 23 were included in the text, based on their relevance.
Results: These last few years, considerable progresses were done in optimizing indication for pancreas transplantation, as well as surgical improvement and a better used of immunosuppression. In the first part of this article, demographics, indication and pre-transplant evaluation will be described. The different techniques of procurement, preparation and transplantation will then be discussed. Finally, the results and outcomes of pancreas transplantation will be reported.
Conclusions: Despite its morbidity, pancreas transplantation is the optimal treatment of end stage renal disease in diabetic patients under 55. Long-term results and quality of life improvement after pancreas transplantation are excellent.
Level of Evidence: NA.
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