Back to Search
Start Over
Toxicology of deoxynivalenol and its acetylated and modified forms.
- Source :
-
Archives of toxicology [Arch Toxicol] 2016 Dec; Vol. 90 (12), pp. 2931-2957. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Sep 23. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Mycotoxins are the most frequently occurring natural contaminants in human and animal diet. Among them, deoxynivalenol (DON), produced by Fusarium, is one of the most prevalent and thus represents an important health risk. Recent detection methods revealed new mycotoxins and new molecules derivated from the "native" mycotoxins. The main derivates of DON are the acetylated forms produced by the fungi (3- and 15-acetyl-DON), the biologically "modified" forms produced by the plant (deoxynivalenol-3-β-D-glucopyranoside), or after bacteria transformation (de-epoxy DON, 3-epi-DON and 3-keto-DON) as well as the chemically "modified" forms (norDON A-C and DON-sulfonates). High proportions of acetylated and modified forms of DON co-occur with DON, increasing the exposure and the health risk. DON and its acetylated and modified forms are rapidly absorbed following ingestion. At the molecular level, DON binds to the ribosome, induces a ribotoxic stress leading to the activation of MAP kinases, cellular cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. The toxic effects of DON include emesis and anorexia, alteration of intestinal and immune functions, reduced absorption of the nutrients as well as increased susceptibility to infection and chronic diseases. In contrast to DON, very little information exists concerning the acetylated and modified forms; some can be converted back to DON, their ability to bind to the ribosome and to induce cellular effects varies according to the toxin. Except for the acetylated forms, their toxicity and impact on human and animal health are poorly documented.
- Subjects :
- Acetylation
Animal Feed adverse effects
Animal Feed analysis
Animal Feed microbiology
Animals
Biological Availability
Biotransformation
Carcinogens, Environmental chemistry
Carcinogens, Environmental metabolism
Food Contamination prevention & control
Fusarium metabolism
Glucosides chemistry
Glucosides metabolism
Glucosides toxicity
Humans
Intestinal Absorption
Molecular Conformation
Renal Elimination
Tissue Distribution
Toxicokinetics
Trichothecenes chemistry
Trichothecenes metabolism
Carcinogens, Environmental toxicity
Trichothecenes toxicity
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1432-0738
- Volume :
- 90
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Archives of toxicology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 27663890
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-016-1826-4