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Microwave-assisted extraction of three bioactive alkaloids from Peganum harmala L. and their acaricidal activity against Psoroptes cuniculi in vitro.
- Source :
-
Journal of ethnopharmacology [J Ethnopharmacol] 2016 Nov 04; Vol. 192, pp. 350-361. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Jul 22. - Publication Year :
- 2016
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Abstract
- Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Peganum harmala L. is a perennial herbaceous, glabrous plant that grows in semi-arid conditions, steppe areas and sandy soils. It is used to treat fever, diarrhoea, subcutaneous tumours, arthralgia, rheumatism, cough, amnesia and parasitic diseases in folk medicines. In this paper, we aimed to develop a simpler and faster method for the extraction of three alkaloids from Peganum harmala L. than other conventional methods by optimizing the parameters of a microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method, and to investigate the acaricidal activities of three compounds against Psoroptes cuniculi.<br />Materials and Methods: After optimizing the operating parameters with the single factor experiment and a Box-Behnken design combined with a response-surface methodology, a MAE method was developed for extracting the alkaloids from the seeds, and a high-performance liquid chromatography was used to quantify these compounds. An in vitro experiments were used to study the acaricidal activities.<br />Results: The optimal conditions of MAE method were as follows: liquid-to-solid ratio 31.3:1mL/g, ethanol concentration 75.5%, extraction time 10.1min, temperature 80.7°C, and microwave power 600W. Compared to the heat reflux extraction (HRE, 60min) and the ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE, 30min) methods, MAE method require the shortest time (10min) and obtain the highest yield of three compounds (61.9mg/g). Meanwhile, the LT <subscript>50</subscript> values for the vasicine (1.25 and 2.5mg/mL), harmaline (1.25 and 2.5mg/mL), harmine (1.25 and 2.5mg/mL) and MAE extract (100mg/mL) against Psoroptes cuniculi were 12.188h, 9.791h, 11.994h, 10.095h, 11.293h, 9.273h and 17.322h, respectively.<br />Conclusions: The MAE method developed exhibited the highest extraction yield within the shortest time and thus could be used to extract the active compounds from Peganum harmala L. on an industrial basis. As the active compounds of Peganum harmala L., vasicine, harmalin and harmine presented the marked acaricidal activities against Psoroptes cuniculi, and could be widely applied for the treatments of acariasis in animals.<br /> (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Acaricides isolation & purification
Alkaloids isolation & purification
Animals
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Chromatography, Reverse-Phase
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Harmaline isolation & purification
Harmaline metabolism
Harmine isolation & purification
Harmine pharmacology
Hot Temperature
Parasitic Sensitivity Tests
Phytotherapy
Plant Extracts isolation & purification
Plants, Medicinal
Quinazolines isolation & purification
Quinazolines pharmacology
Seeds chemistry
Time Factors
Ultrasonics
Acaricides pharmacology
Alkaloids pharmacology
Chemical Fractionation methods
Microwaves
Peganum chemistry
Plant Extracts pharmacology
Psoroptidae drug effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1872-7573
- Volume :
- 192
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of ethnopharmacology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 27452655
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.057