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A Plasmodium-like virulence effector of the soybean cyst nematode suppresses plant innate immunity.
- Source :
-
The New phytologist [New Phytol] 2016 Oct; Vol. 212 (2), pp. 444-60. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Jun 06. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Heterodera glycines, the soybean cyst nematode, delivers effector proteins into soybean roots to initiate and maintain an obligate parasitic relationship. HgGLAND18 encodes a candidate H. glycines effector and is expressed throughout the infection process. We used a combination of molecular, genetic, bioinformatic and phylogenetic analyses to determine the role of HgGLAND18 during H. glycines infection. HgGLAND18 is necessary for pathogenicity in compatible interactions with soybean. The encoded effector strongly suppresses both basal and hypersensitive cell death innate immune responses, and immunosuppression requires the presence and coordination between multiple protein domains. The N-terminal domain in HgGLAND18 contains unique sequence similarity to domains of an immunosuppressive effector of Plasmodium spp., the malaria parasites. The Plasmodium effector domains functionally complement the loss of the N-terminal domain from HgGLAND18. In-depth sequence searches and phylogenetic analyses demonstrate convergent evolution between effectors from divergent parasites of plants and animals as the cause of sequence and functional similarity.<br /> (© 2016 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2016 New Phytologist Trust.)
- Subjects :
- Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Genetic Complementation Test
Mutation genetics
Plant Proteins chemistry
Plant Roots parasitology
Polymorphism, Genetic
Protein Domains
RNA Interference
Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid genetics
Tylenchoidea pathogenicity
Virulence
Immunity, Innate
Plant Immunity
Plasmodium physiology
Glycine max immunology
Glycine max parasitology
Tylenchoidea physiology
Virulence Factors metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1469-8137
- Volume :
- 212
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The New phytologist
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 27265684
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14047