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Modest Salt Reduction Lowers Blood Pressure and Albumin Excretion in Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial.
Modest Salt Reduction Lowers Blood Pressure and Albumin Excretion in Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial.
- Source :
-
Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) [Hypertension] 2016 Jun; Vol. 67 (6), pp. 1189-95. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- The role of salt restriction in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus is controversial, with a lack of well controlled, longer term, modest salt reduction trials in this group of patients, in spite of the marked increase in cardiovascular risk. We carried out a 12-week randomized double-blind, crossover trial of salt restriction with salt or placebo tablets, each for 6 weeks, in 46 individuals with diet-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance and untreated normal or high normal blood pressure (BP). From salt to placebo, 24-hour urinary sodium was reduced by 49±9 mmol (2.9 g salt). This reduction in salt intake led to fall in clinic BP from 136/81±2/1 mm Hg to 131/80±2/1 mm Hg, (systolic BP; P<0.01). Mean ambulatory 24-hour BP was reduced by 3/2±1/1 mm Hg (systolic BP, P<0.01 and diastolic BP, P<0.05), and albumin/creatinine ratio was reduced from 0.73 mg/mmol (0.5-1.5) to 0.64 mg/mmol (0.3-1.1; P<0.05). There was no significant change in fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1c, or insulin sensitivity. These results demonstrate that a modest reduction in salt intake, to approximately the amount recommended in public health guidelines, leads to significant and clinically relevant falls in BP in individuals who are early on in the progression of diabetes mellitus with normal or mildly raised BP. The reduction in urinary albumin excretion may carry additional benefits in reducing cardiovascular disease above the effects on BP.<br /> (© 2016 American Heart Association, Inc.)
- Subjects :
- Aged
Blood Pressure Determination
Cross-Over Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 diagnosis
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy
Double-Blind Method
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Glucose Intolerance diet therapy
Humans
Hypertension diagnosis
Male
Middle Aged
Reference Values
Risk Assessment
Severity of Illness Index
Sodium Chloride, Dietary administration & dosage
Statistics, Nonparametric
Treatment Outcome
Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 diet therapy
Diet, Sodium-Restricted methods
Glucose Intolerance physiopathology
Hypertension diet therapy
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1524-4563
- Volume :
- 67
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 27160199
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.06637