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Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Intestinal Microcirculation and Intestinal Epithelial Barrier in Endotoxemic Rats.
- Source :
-
Anesthesiology [Anesthesiology] 2016 Aug; Vol. 125 (2), pp. 355-67. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Background: Dexmedetomidine reduces cytokine production in septic patients and reduces inflammation and mortality in experimental models of endotoxemia and sepsis. This study investigated whether dexmedetomidine attenuates endothelial dysfunction, intestinal microcirculatory dysfunction, and intestinal epithelial barrier disruption in endotoxemic rats.<br />Methods: Ninety-two male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the following four groups: (1) Sham; (2) lipopolysaccharide, received IV lipopolysaccharide 15 and 10 mg/kg at 0 and 120 min; (3) dexmedetomidine, received IV dexmedetomidine for 240 min; and (4) lipopolysaccharide + dexmedetomidine, received both lipopolysaccharide and dexmedetomidine. Sidestream dark-field videomicroscope, tissue oxygen monitor, and full-field laser perfusion image were used to investigate the microcirculation of the terminal ileum. Serum endocan level was measured. The Ussing chamber permeability assay, lumen-to-blood gadodiamide passage by magnetic resonance imaging, and bacterial translocation were conducted to determine epithelial barrier function. Mucosal apoptotic levels and tight junctional integrity were also examined.<br />Results: The density of perfused small vessels in mucosa, serosal muscular layer, and Peyer patch in the lipopolysaccharide + dexmedetomidine group was higher than that of the lipopolysaccharide group. Serum endocan level was lower in the lipopolysaccharide + dexmedetomidine group than in the lipopolysaccharide group. Mucosal ratio of cleaved to full-length occludin and spleen bacterial counts were significantly lower in the lipopolysaccharide + dexmedetomidine group than in the lipopolysaccharide group.<br />Conclusion: The study finding suggests that dexmedetomidine protects against intestinal epithelial barrier disruption in endotoxemic rats by attenuating intestinal microcirculatory dysfunction and reducing mucosal cell death and tight junctional damage. (Anesthesiology 2016; 125:355-67).
- Subjects :
- Animals
Bacterial Translocation drug effects
Endothelial Cells drug effects
Intestinal Mucosa blood supply
Intestines drug effects
Lipopolysaccharides toxicity
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Oxygen Consumption drug effects
Permeability
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Regional Blood Flow drug effects
Tight Junctions drug effects
Dexmedetomidine pharmacology
Endotoxemia metabolism
Hypnotics and Sedatives pharmacology
Intestinal Mucosa drug effects
Intestines blood supply
Microcirculation drug effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1528-1175
- Volume :
- 125
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Anesthesiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 27111533
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000001135