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Matrix Metalloproteinase-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Vascular Cognitive Impairment of the Binswanger Type.
- Source :
-
Cellular and molecular neurobiology [Cell Mol Neurobiol] 2016 Mar; Vol. 36 (2), pp. 195-202. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Mar 18. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a heterogeneous group of diseases linked together by cerebrovascular disease. Treatment of VCI has been hindered by the lack of a coherent pathophysiological process that could provide molecular targets. Of the several forms of VCI, the small vessel disease form is both the most prevalent and generally has a progressive course. Binswanger's disease (BD) is the small vessel form of VCI that involves extensive injury to the deep white matter. Growing evidence suggests that there is disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) secondary to an inflammatory state. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are increased in the brain and CSF of patients with BD, and have been shown to disrupt the BBB in animal studies, suggesting that they may be biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Multimodal biomarkers derived from clinical, neuropsychological, imaging, and biochemical data can be used to narrow the VCI population to the progressive inflammatory form that will be optimal for treatment trials. This review describes the role of the MMPs in pathophysiology and their use as biomarkers.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Brain enzymology
Brain physiopathology
Cerebrovascular Disorders physiopathology
Cognitive Dysfunction pathology
Cognitive Dysfunction physiopathology
Humans
Inflammation pathology
Inflammation physiopathology
White Matter enzymology
White Matter pathology
White Matter physiopathology
Brain blood supply
Brain pathology
Cerebrovascular Disorders enzymology
Cerebrovascular Disorders pathology
Cognitive Dysfunction enzymology
Inflammation enzymology
Matrix Metalloproteinases metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1573-6830
- Volume :
- 36
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Cellular and molecular neurobiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 26993507
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-015-0277-4