NOD2 gene variant is a risk factor for postoperative complications in patients with Crohn's disease: A genetic association study.

Background: Postoperative complications are relatively frequent in Crohn's disease (CD) and several risk factors have been identified. The influence of genetic factors, however is unknown.
Methods: CD patients who underwent CD-related bowel resection were identified from the "Nancy IBD cohort." Postoperative complications were defined as intraabdominal infectious complications and non-intraabdominal infectious complications occurring within 90 days after operation. The influence of 203 single nucleotide polymorphisms on postoperative complication rates was analyzed.
Results: Of the 137 patients who had undergone a CD-related bowel resection in our cohort, postoperative complications occurred in 34 cases (24.8%). Postoperative intraabdominal infections occurred in 18 cases (13.1%): 12 had anastomotic leakage and 6 had intraabdominal abscesses. In multivariate analysis, current smoker status (odds ratio [OR], 2.71; 95% CI, 1.18-6.21; P = .02) and homozygosity for the risk allele (T) Nucleotide-binding Oligomerization Domain-containing protein 2 (rs5743289; NOD2; OR, 2.07 [95% CI 1.15-3.72]; P = .01) were independent risk factors of postoperative intraabdominal infectious complications. Current smoker status NOD2 homozygosity for the risk allele (T) were not associated with non-intraabdominal infectious complications.
Conclusion: Current smoker status was associated with increased risk of postoperative intraabdominal infectious complications. A novel association between the NOD2 allele and an increased risk of postoperative intraabdominal infectious complications was observed in this study.
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