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Role of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in adult respiratory failure: an overview.
- Source :
-
Hospital practice (1995) [Hosp Pract (1995)] 2016; Vol. 44 (2), pp. 76-85. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Feb 22. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides complete or partial support of the heart and lungs. Ever since its inception in the 1960s, it has been used across all age groups in the management of refractory respiratory failure and cardiogenic shock. While it has gained widespread acceptance in the neonatal and pediatric physician community, ECMO remains a controversial therapy for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in adults. Its popularity was revived during the swine flu (H1N1) pandemic and advancements in technology have contributed to its increasing usage. ARDS continues to be a potentially devastating condition with significant mortality rates. Despite gaining more insights into this entity over the years, mechanical ventilation remains the only life-saving, yet potentially harmful intervention available for ARDS. ECMO shows promise in this regard by offering less dependence on mechanical ventilation, thereby potentially reducing ventilator-induced injury. However, the lack of rigorous clinical data has prevented ECMO from becoming the standard of care in the management of ARDS. Therefore, the results of two large ongoing randomized trials, which will hopefully throw more light on the role of ECMO in the management of this disease entity, are keenly awaited. In this article we will provide a basic overview of the development of ECMO, the types of ECMO, the pathogenesis of ARDS, different ventilation strategies for ARDS, the role of ECMO in ARDS and the role of ECMO as a bridge to lung transplantation.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Child
Contraindications
Humans
Hypercapnia therapy
Pulmonary Gas Exchange
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Salvage Therapy
Severity of Illness Index
Survival Analysis
Treatment Outcome
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation methods
Oxygen therapeutic use
Oxygenators, Membrane statistics & numerical data
Respiratory Distress Syndrome therapy
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2154-8331
- Volume :
- 44
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Hospital practice (1995)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 26848884
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1080/21548331.2016.1151325