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A New Method to Jointly Estimate the Mortality Risk of Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and its Components.
- Source :
-
Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2016 Jan 06; Vol. 6, pp. 18916. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Jan 06. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Most studies on the association between exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and mortality have considered only total concentration of PM2.5 or individual components of PM2.5, and not the combined effects of concentration and particulate composition. We sought to develop a method to estimate the risk of death from long-term exposure to PM2.5 and the distribution of its components, namely: sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, organic mass, black carbon, and mineral dust. We decomposed PM2.5 exposure into the sum of total concentration and the proportion of each component. We estimated the risk of death due to exposure using a cohort of ~2.4 million Canadians who were followed for vital status over 16 years. Modelling the concentration of PM2.5 with the distribution of the proportions of components together was a superior predictor for mortality than either total PM2.5 concentration alone, or all component concentrations modelled together. Our new approach has the advantage of characterizing the toxicity of the atmosphere in its entirety. This is required to fully understand the health benefits associated with strategies to improve air quality that may result in complex changes not only in PM2.5 concentration, but also in the distribution of particle components.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Proportional Hazards Models
Risk Assessment
Time Factors
Air Pollutants
Air Pollution adverse effects
Air Pollution analysis
Environmental Exposure adverse effects
Mortality
Particulate Matter adverse effects
Particulate Matter analysis
Public Health Surveillance
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2045-2322
- Volume :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Scientific reports
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 26732864
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/srep18916