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Environmental Enrichment Attenuates Traumatic Brain Injury: Induced Neuronal Hyperexcitability in Supragranular Layers of Sensory Cortex.
- Source :
-
Journal of neurotrauma [J Neurotrauma] 2016 Jun 01; Vol. 33 (11), pp. 1084-101. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Mar 23. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- We have previously demonstrated that traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces significant long-term neuronal hyperexcitability in supragranular layers of sensory cortex, coupled with persistent sensory deficits. Hence, we aimed to investigate whether brain plasticity induced by environmental enrichment (EE) could attenuate abnormal neuronal and sensory function post-TBI. TBI (nā=ā22) and sham control (nā=ā21) animals were randomly assigned housing in either single or enriched conditions for 7-9 weeks. Then, in terminal experiments, extracellular recordings were obtained from barrel cortex neurons in response to whisker motion, including those mimicking motion in awake animals undertaking different tasks. Long-term EE exposure (6 weeks) attenuated TBI-induced hyperexcitability in layers 2-3, such that neuronal activity in TBI animals exposed to EE was restored to control levels. Little to no EE-induced changes in population neuronal responses occurred in input layer 4 and output layer 5. However, single-cell responses demonstrated EE-induced hypoexcitation in L4 post-TBI. EE was also able to fully ameliorate sensory hypersensitivity post-TBI, although it was not found to improve motor function. Long-term enrichment post-TBI induces changes at both the population and single-cell level in the sensory cortex, where EE may act to restore the excitation/inhibition balance in supragranular cortical layers.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Behavior, Animal physiology
Disease Models, Animal
Male
Random Allocation
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Vibrissae physiology
Brain Injuries, Traumatic physiopathology
Cortical Excitability physiology
Environment
Neuronal Plasticity physiology
Neurons physiology
Somatosensory Cortex physiopathology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1557-9042
- Volume :
- 33
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of neurotrauma
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 26715144
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2014.3774