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Maternal nutritional status as a contributing factor for the risk of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
- Source :
-
Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) [Reprod Toxicol] 2016 Jan; Vol. 59, pp. 101-8. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Dec 03. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Objective: Compare nutritional status of 57 South African mothers of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) with 148 mothers of controls.<br />Methods: Dietary data were analyzed for macronutrients, micronutrients, and fats via estimated average requirements (EAR) and adequate intakes (AI) for pregnant women.<br />Results: Virtually all mothers were likely deficient on most micronutrients by either EAR (<50%) or AI values. Mothers of FASD children consumed more of 13 of 25 micronutrients. For percentage below EAR, only vitamin D was significantly higher for FASD mothers. Despite no difference in total food intake, control mothers had a higher mean body mass index (BMI) than FASD mothers. Maternal BMI is more significant for positive child outcomes than any individual nutrient.<br />Conclusions: Most mothers have inadequate dietary intake. Minor advantages in nutrient intake are overpowered by teratogenic effects of alcohol. Further study is needed of the interaction of alcohol, maternal nutrition, and metabolism.<br /> (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Age Factors
Body Mass Index
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child Development
Female
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders diagnosis
Humans
Male
Malnutrition diagnosis
Malnutrition physiopathology
Nutrition Assessment
Pregnancy
Prevalence
Recommended Dietary Allowances
Risk Factors
South Africa epidemiology
Alcohol Drinking adverse effects
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders epidemiology
Malnutrition epidemiology
Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Nutritional Status
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-1708
- Volume :
- 59
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 26656914
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.11.006