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[Cytology in uropathological diagnostics].
- Source :
-
Der Pathologe [Pathologe] 2015 Nov; Vol. 36 (6), pp. 534-42. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- Cytology in uropathological diagnostics is mainly performed for oncological purposes. The assessment of malignancy by urothelial cell morphology is therefore decisive; however, cytology is only sensitive enough to detect high-grade tumor cells and the different low-grade tumors cannot be reliably diagnosed. Thus, the four-tier classification system of cytological findings (i.e. negative, atypical cells but significance uncertain, suspicious and positive) refers to high-grade tumor cells only. Furthermore, for valid cytological diagnostics not only the cytological specimen but also clinical information on cystoscopy findings and, if applicable, a biopsy should be evaluated together. In difficult differential diagnostic settings, e.g. differentiation between reactive versus neoplastic atypia or difficult to access lesions in the upper urinary tract, additional fluorescence in situ hybridization of cytological preparations might be helpful. At the moment there are no indications for further immunocytology or additional biomarker tests.
- Subjects :
- Biomarkers, Tumor analysis
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic pathology
Epithelial Cells pathology
Hematuria pathology
In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
Lymphocytes pathology
Neoplasm Grading
Neutrophils pathology
Prognosis
Urologic Neoplasms classification
Urologic Neoplasms diagnosis
Urothelium pathology
Cytological Techniques
Urologic Neoplasms pathology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- German
- ISSN :
- 1432-1963
- Volume :
- 36
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Der Pathologe
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 26362326
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-015-0076-1