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Recent investigations into pig antigen and anti-pig antibody expression.
- Source :
-
International journal of surgery (London, England) [Int J Surg] 2015 Nov; Vol. 23 (Pt B), pp. 223-228. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Aug 22. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- Genetic engineering of donor pigs to eliminate expression of the dominant xenogeneic antigen galactose α1,3 galactose (Gal) has created a sea change in the immunobiology of xenograft rejection. Antibody mediated xenograft rejection of GGTA-1 α-galactosyltransferase (GTKO) deficient organs is now directed to a combination of non-Gal pig protein and carbohydrate antigens. Glycan analysis of GTKO tissues identified no new neo-antigens but detected high levels of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) modified glycoproteins and glycolipids. Humans produce anti-Neu5Gc antibody and in very limited clinical studies sometimes show an induced anti-Neu5Gc antibody response after challenge with pig tissue. The pathogenicity of anti-Neu5Gc antibody in xenotransplantation is not clear however as non-human transplant models, critical for modelling anti-Gal immunity, do not produce anti-Neu5Gc antibody. Antibody induced after xenotransplantation in non-human primates is directed to an array of pig endothelial cells proteins and to a glycan produced by the pig B4GALNT2 gene. We anticipate that immune suppression will significantly affect the T-cell dependent and independent specificity of an induced antibody response and that donor pigs deficient in synthesis of multiple xenogeneic glycans will be important to future studies.<br /> (Copyright © 2015 IJS Publishing Group Limited. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Animals, Genetically Modified immunology
Disaccharides immunology
Disaccharides metabolism
Genetic Engineering methods
Humans
N-Acetylneuraminic Acid immunology
N-Acetylneuraminic Acid metabolism
Polysaccharides immunology
Primates immunology
Swine genetics
Antibodies metabolism
Graft Rejection immunology
Swine immunology
Transplantation, Heterologous
Transplants immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1743-9159
- Volume :
- 23
- Issue :
- Pt B
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- International journal of surgery (London, England)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 26306769
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.07.724