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In Vivo Effects of Preservative-free and Preserved Prostaglandin Analogs: Mouse Ocular Surface Study.
- Source :
-
Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO [Korean J Ophthalmol] 2015 Aug; Vol. 29 (4), pp. 270-9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Jul 21. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- Purpose: Chronic use of topical hypotensive agents induces several side effects caused by preservatives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of prostaglandin analogs with varying concentrations of benzalkonium chloride (BAC), preservative-free (PF), and alternative preservatives on mouse corneal tissue.<br />Methods: Thirty-five, 8- to 10-week-old female C57BL/6 mice (five mice for each group) were used for this study. To the control group, we applied normal saline, and to each drug-treated group we applied 0.02% BAC, bimatoprost 0.01% (with BAC 0.02%), latanoprost 0.005% (with BAC 0.02%), travoprost 0.004% (with 0.001% polyquad) or tafluprost 0.0015% with/without 0.001% BAC, once a day (9 p.m.) for 4 weeks. Corneal fluorescein staining was evaluated in all groups. After harvest, the corneal tissues were embedded in paraffin and then Hematoxylin-Eosin stain was performed for histopathological examination. Immunofluorescence staining was done against TNF-α, IL-6, HLA DR, pJNK, and pAkt.<br />Results: In corneal fluorescein staining, severe punctate epithelial keratitis was seen in the groups of 0.02% BAC, 0.02% BAC containing bimatoprost 0.01% and latanoprost 0.005%. The surface desquamation, irregular surface, loss of cell borders, anisocytosis and stromal shrinkage were observed in the groups of BAC-containing eye drops. Moreover, the groups treated with BAC-containing eye drops have high inflammatory markers, significantly decreased cell viability-related signal, pAkt, and higher apoptosis-inducing signal, pJNK, than the control group. On the other hand, travoprost 0.004% and PF tafluprost 0.0015% have less cellular morphologic changes, lower inflammation, and higher cellular viability than BAC-containing formulations.<br />Conclusions: Corneal damage, increased inflammation and apoptosis and low cell viability were observed in BAC-containing groups. PF or alternatively preserved glaucoma medications seem to be a reasonable and viable alternative to those preserved with BAC.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Cell Survival
Conjunctiva drug effects
Disease Models, Animal
Epithelium, Corneal drug effects
Female
Glaucoma pathology
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Microscopy, Fluorescence
Ophthalmic Solutions
Preservatives, Pharmaceutical
Conjunctiva pathology
Epithelium, Corneal pathology
Glaucoma drug therapy
Prostaglandins, Synthetic administration & dosage
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2092-9382
- Volume :
- 29
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 26240512
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2015.29.4.270