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Potent Ex Vivo Activity of Naphthoquine and Methylene Blue against Drug-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax.
- Source :
-
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy [Antimicrob Agents Chemother] 2015 Oct; Vol. 59 (10), pp. 6117-24. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Jul 20. - Publication Year :
- 2015
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Abstract
- The 4-aminoquinoline naphthoquine (NQ) and the thiazine dye methylene blue (MB) have potent in vitro efficacies against Plasmodium falciparum, but susceptibility data for P. vivax are limited. The species- and stage-specific ex vivo activities of NQ and MB were assessed using a modified schizont maturation assay on clinical field isolates from Papua, Indonesia, where multidrug-resistant P. falciparum and P. vivax are prevalent. Both compounds were highly active against P. falciparum (median [range] 50% inhibitory concentration [IC50]: NQ, 8.0 nM [2.6 to 71.8 nM]; and MB, 1.6 nM [0.2 to 7.0 nM]) and P. vivax (NQ, 7.8 nM [1.5 to 34.2 nM]; and MB, 1.2 nM [0.4 to 4.3 nM]). Stage-specific drug susceptibility assays revealed significantly greater IC50s in parasites exposed at the trophozoite stage than at the ring stage for NQ in P. falciparum (26.5 versus 5.1 nM, P = 0.021) and P. vivax (341.6 versus 6.5 nM, P = 0.021) and for MB in P. vivax (10.1 versus 1.6 nM, P = 0.010). The excellent ex vivo activities of NQ and MB against both P. falciparum and P. vivax highlight their potential utility for the treatment of multidrug-resistant malaria in areas where both species are endemic.<br /> (Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1098-6596
- Volume :
- 59
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 26195523
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00874-15