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2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, gastric cancer, and prostate cancer: meta-analyses of the published literature.
- Source :
-
Annals of epidemiology [Ann Epidemiol] 2015 Aug; Vol. 25 (8), pp. 626-636.e4. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 May 06. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- Purpose: Despite evidence from experimental studies indicating that the herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), is not carcinogenic, several epidemiology studies have evaluated links between 2,4-D and cancer. Some suggest that 2,4-D is associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), gastric cancer, and prostate cancer, but results have been inconsistent. We conducted meta-analyses to evaluate the weight of epidemiology evidence for these cancers.<br />Methods: We identified articles from PubMed, Scopus, and TOXLINE databases and reference lists of review articles. We evaluated study quality and calculated summary risk estimates using random effects models. We conducted subgroup and sensitivity analyses when possible.<br />Results: We identified nine NHL, three gastric cancer, and two prostate cancer studies for inclusion in our meta-analyses. We found that 2,4-D was not associated with NHL (relative risk [RR] = 0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.77-1.22, I(2) = 28.8%, Pheterogeneity = .19), and this result was generally robust to subgroup and sensitivity analyses. 2,4-D was not associated with gastric (RR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.62-2.10, I(2) = 54.9%, Pheterogeneity = .11) or prostate cancer (RR = 1.32, 95% CI = 0.37-4.69, I(2) 87.0%, Pheterogeneity = .01).<br />Conclusions: The epidemiology evidence does not support an association between 2,4-D and NHL, gastric cancer, or prostate cancer risk.<br /> (Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Female
Humans
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin chemically induced
Male
Prostatic Neoplasms chemically induced
Stomach Neoplasms chemically induced
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid toxicity
Herbicides toxicity
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin epidemiology
Prostatic Neoplasms epidemiology
Stomach Neoplasms epidemiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-2585
- Volume :
- 25
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Annals of epidemiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 26066538
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.04.002