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Polyvictimization, income, and ethnic differences in trauma-related mental health during adolescence.
- Source :
-
Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology [Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol] 2015 Aug; Vol. 50 (8), pp. 1223-34. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Jun 06. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate ethnic differences in trauma-related mental health symptoms among adolescents, and test the mediating and moderating effects of polyvictimization (i.e., number of types of traumas/victimizations experienced by an individual) and household income, respectively.<br />Methods: Data were drawn from the first wave of the National Survey of Adolescents-replication study (NSA-R), which took place in the US in 2005 and utilized random digit dialing to administer a telephone survey to adolescents ages 12-17. Participants included in the current analyses were 3312 adolescents (50.2 % female; mean age 14.67 years) from the original sample of 3614 who identified as non-Hispanic White (n = 2346, 70.8 %), non-Hispanic Black (n = 557, 16.8 %), or Hispanic (n = 409, 12.3 %). Structural equation modeling was utilized to test hypothesized models.<br />Results: Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic participants reported higher levels of polyvictimization and trauma-related mental health symptoms (symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression) compared to non-Hispanic Whites, though the effect sizes were small (γ ≤ 0.07). Polyvictimization fully accounted for the differences in mental health symptoms between non-Hispanic Blacks and non-Hispanic Whites, and partially accounted for the differences between Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites. The relation between polyvictimization and trauma-related mental health symptoms was higher for low-income youth than for high-income youth.<br />Conclusions: Disparities in trauma exposure largely accounted for racial/ethnic disparities in trauma-related mental health. Children from low-income family environments appear to be at greater risk of negative mental health outcomes following trauma exposure compared to adolescents from high-income families.
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Black or African American statistics & numerical data
Black People statistics & numerical data
Child
Depression ethnology
Ethnicity
Female
Hispanic or Latino statistics & numerical data
Humans
Income
Male
Population Surveillance
Poverty
Socioeconomic Factors
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ethnology
Violence ethnology
Violence psychology
White People statistics & numerical data
Adolescent Behavior ethnology
Crime Victims psychology
Healthcare Disparities ethnology
Life Change Events
Mental Health ethnology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1433-9285
- Volume :
- 50
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 26048339
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-015-1077-3