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Use of EnsureĀ® nutrition shakes as an alternative formulation method for live recombinant Attenuated Salmonella Typhi vaccines.
- Source :
-
BMC microbiology [BMC Microbiol] 2015 Mar 29; Vol. 15, pp. 76. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Mar 29. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- Background: To be effective, orally administered live Salmonella vaccines must first survive their encounter with the low pH environment of the stomach. To enhance survival, an antacid is often given to neutralize the acidic environment of the stomach just prior to or concomitant with administration of the vaccine. One drawback of this approach, from the perspective of the clinical trial volunteer, is that the taste of a bicarbonate-based acid neutralization system can be unpleasant. Thus, we explored an alternative method that would be at least as effective as bicarbonate and with a potentially more acceptable taste. Because ingestion of protein can rapidly buffer stomach pH, we examined the possibility that the protein-rich Ensure® Nutrition shakes would be effective alternatives to bicarbonate.<br />Results: We tested one Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and three Salmonella Typhi vaccine strains and found that all strains survived equally well when incubated in either Ensure® or bicarbonate. In a low gastric pH mouse model, Ensure® worked as well or better than bicarbonate to enhance survival through the intestinal tract, although neither agent enhanced the survival of the S. Typhi test strain possessing a rpoS mutation.<br />Conclusions: Our data show that a protein-rich drink such as Ensure® Nutrition shakes can serve as an alternative to bicarbonate for reducing gastric pH prior to administration of a live Salmonella vaccine.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Bacterial Proteins genetics
Dietary Sucrose chemistry
Disease Models, Animal
Food, Formulated
Gene Expression
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Mice
Microbial Viability drug effects
Mutation
Salmonella Infections immunology
Salmonella Infections microbiology
Salmonella Vaccines administration & dosage
Salmonella typhi genetics
Salmonella typhi growth & development
Salmonella typhi immunology
Salmonella typhimurium genetics
Salmonella typhimurium growth & development
Salmonella typhimurium immunology
Sigma Factor deficiency
Sigma Factor genetics
Sodium Bicarbonate pharmacology
Stomach chemistry
Vaccination
Vaccines, Attenuated
Antacids pharmacology
Dietary Sucrose pharmacology
Salmonella Infections prevention & control
Salmonella Vaccines immunology
Salmonella typhi drug effects
Salmonella typhimurium drug effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1471-2180
- Volume :
- 15
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- BMC microbiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25879849
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-015-0409-5