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Epidemiologic, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in renal transplant recipients: experience from thirty cases.
- Source :
-
BMC infectious diseases [BMC Infect Dis] 2015 Feb 25; Vol. 15, pp. 96. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Feb 25. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- Background: Visceral leishmaniasis is a disease caused by the protozoan Leishmania sp. and is transmitted by Lutzomyia longipalpis (sand fly). In renal transplant recipients, visceral leishmaniasis causes severe damage to the liver, spleen, and hematopoietic system, as well as poor outcomes for patients with transplanted kidneys. This study describes the largest series of cases of visceral leishmaniasis in renal transplant recipients, providing important information about the diagnostic routines and therapeutic strategies in this patient population.<br />Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study was performed to analyze the distribution and evaluate the extent of the epidemiologic, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of 30 renal transplant recipients from endemic regions who presented with visceral leishmaniasis in the post-transplantation period.<br />Results: In this study, visceral leishmaniasis was more frequent in men (80%). The mean age of presentation was 40 ± 10.5 years. The majority of patients worked in urban areas (66.7%), cohabitated with domestic animals (90%), and were from low-income households. In 73.3% of cases, diagnosis was made by direct isolation of Leishmania forms. Patients were treated with liposomal amphotericin, resulting in a high degree of disease remission (80%).<br />Conclusions: This study describes the largest series of visceral leishmaniasis in renal transplant recipients and expands clinical-epidemiological knowledge for transplantation teams to perform adequate disease management for this specific patient population.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Age Distribution
Animals
Animals, Domestic
Female
Humans
Kidney Diseases chemically induced
Kidney Diseases diagnosis
Kidney Diseases drug therapy
Kidney Diseases epidemiology
Leishmania isolation & purification
Leishmaniasis, Visceral chemically induced
Leishmaniasis, Visceral diagnosis
Leishmaniasis, Visceral drug therapy
Liver Diseases diagnosis
Liver Diseases drug therapy
Liver Diseases epidemiology
Liver Diseases etiology
Male
Middle Aged
Residence Characteristics
Retrospective Studies
Sex Distribution
Splenic Diseases chemically induced
Splenic Diseases diagnosis
Splenic Diseases drug therapy
Splenic Diseases epidemiology
Transplant Recipients
Amphotericin B therapeutic use
Antiprotozoal Agents therapeutic use
Immunocompromised Host
Immunosuppressive Agents adverse effects
Kidney Transplantation
Leishmaniasis, Visceral epidemiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1471-2334
- Volume :
- 15
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- BMC infectious diseases
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25877483
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-015-0852-9