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[Cryptococcal meningitis].
- Source :
-
Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde [Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd] 2015; Vol. 159, pp. A8478. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- Immunocompromised patients are at increased risk of disseminated cryptococcal infection, often presenting as a primary respiratory infection with yeast cells originating from bird excreta. Because Cryptococcus neoformans has a tropism for cerebrospinal fluid, most patients suffer from meningitis or meningoencephalitis. Symptoms of cryptococcal meningitis are non-specific: headache, fever, nausea, or altered mental state and behaviour. Case descriptions of a renal transplant recipient and an HIV patient illustrate the non-specific presentation of cryptococcal meningitis. Lumbar puncture seemed to be critical in establishing the diagnosis. Cerebrospinal fluid, blood and other tissues were tested for C. neoformans by microscopy, culture and antigen tests. The patients were successfully treated with amphotericin B or liposomal amphotericin B intravenously and flucytosine intravenously or orally, followed by long-term fluconazole. The mortality rate for cryptococcal meningitis is 41% among renal transplant recipients and 20% in HIV patients.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Aged
Amphotericin B therapeutic use
Cryptococcus neoformans immunology
Female
Fluconazole therapeutic use
Flucytosine therapeutic use
HIV Infections immunology
Humans
Kidney Transplantation adverse effects
Male
Meningitis, Cryptococcal drug therapy
Spinal Puncture
Treatment Outcome
Antifungal Agents therapeutic use
Cryptococcus neoformans isolation & purification
Immunocompromised Host
Meningitis, Cryptococcal diagnosis
Meningitis, Cryptococcal epidemiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- Dutch; Flemish
- ISSN :
- 1876-8784
- Volume :
- 159
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25827149